Ordered Hexagonal Donut Plate of Pt2FeCu/C Ternary Alloy Nanoparticle as a Pro-Efficient Catalyst for ORR
Journal
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
Date Issued
2026
Author(s)
Lokanathan, Moorthi
Mahadevan, Vaishnavi
Selvaraj, Karthikeyan
Ramanan, Prasanna
Arulraj, Arunachalam
Ramalinga Viswanathan, Mangalaraja
Jadoun, Sapana
Salvo, Christopher
Durai, Mathivanan
Herrera Diaz, Francisco V.
Durai, Mani
Abstract
We present the creation and assessment of ordered hexagonal donut nanoplates (O-HDP) derived from a Pt2FeCu/C ternary alloy, which serve as a highly effective cathode catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The catalyst was produced using a surfactant-free molten-salt technique and was verified by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses for its ordered face-centered tetragonal lattice with a unique donut-like shape. The electrochemical tests showed an activity increase of nearly 17 times compared to Pt/C, while maintaining stability for up to 50k potential cycles. In the single-cell PEMFC evaluations under H-2/O-2 conditions, the O-HDP Pt2FeCu/C reached a peak power density of 1.711 W cm(-2) at a current density of 3.98 A cm(-2) and retained 91% of its maximum performance after 30000 durability cycles. The exceptional activity and long-term stability were attributed to its ordered atomic structure, reduced Pt-Pt spacing, distinctive structural geometry, and synergistic alloying effects, making it a promising candidate for future PEMFC applications. Additionally, the simulation of a PEMFC stack using Matlab/Simscape under the urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) driving cycle successfully replicated the realistic dynamic voltage (380-500 V), power (55-60 kW), and thermal responses, confirming the model's validity as a replacement for the unavailable hardware. The interconnected electrochemical and thermal behaviors highlighted the importance of thermal management to sustain the stack efficiency and longevity in changing the automotive conditions.


